APA Style: References List

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Webpage title. Title of overall website (if different from author name). URL

Examples:

Dixon, A. (2017). B.F. Skinner: Biography of the behaviorist thinker. Verywell. https://www.verywellmind.com/b-f-skinner-biography-1904-1990-2795543

American Red Cross. (n.d.). Tsunami preparedness. https://www.redcross.org/get-help/how-to-prepare-for-emergencies/types-of-emergencies/tsunami.html

Webpage title. (Published date). Title of overall website (if different from author name). URL

Examples:

Operant conditioning. (n.d.). Psychology Today. https://psychologytoday.com/operant-conditioning

Brief biography of Jane Austen. (2014). The Jane Austen Society of the United Kingdom. https://www.janeaustensoci.freeuk.com/pages/biography.htm

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Book title. Publisher.

Examples:

Armstrong, D. N. (2019). Rethinking global health: Frameworks of power. Academic Press.

Blevins, L., & Guarino, D. (2020). The complete American dictionary of first names. UNC Press.

Johnson, R., Sloan, T., & Liston, O. (2017). The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church. Oxford University Press.

Basic Form:

Editor Last Name, First Initial. (Published date). Book title. Publisher.

Examples:

Ferguson, P. (Ed.). (2018). The Oxford dictionary of the Spanish language. Oxford University Press.

Jones, R., Smith, P., & Livingstone, E. (Eds.). (2019). The new dictionary of the African continent. UNC Press.

Basic Form:

Chapter author's Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Chapter title. In Book editor's First Initial(s) editor's Last Name (Ed.), Book title (pages). Publisher.

Example:

O’Neil, J. M., & Egan, J. (2018). Men’s and women’s gender role journeys: Metaphor for healing, transition, and transformation. In B.R. Wainrib (Ed.), Gender issues across the life cycle (pp. 107‐123). Duke University Press.

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Title of article. Title of Publication, volume number(issue number), pages. DOI URL (if available)

Examples:

Herbst‐Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2015). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24(5), 225‐229.

Keanan, M. H. (2017). Therapeutic diet order writing: Current issues and considerations. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 22(1), 28‐36. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.2.225

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Title of article. Title of publication, volume number(issue number), pages. URL (if applicable)

Examples:

Harlow, H. F. (2017). Fundamentals for preparing psychology journal articles. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 55(10), 893-896.

Nevin, A., Rettig, T. A., & Huesman, R. (2010). The changing of teacher education special education. Teacher Education and Special Education, 13(4), 147-148. https://www.tese.org/12345

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Book title. Publisher. DOI URL (if available)

Examples:

Roussopoulous. D. I., & Smith, K. P. (2017). The new left: Legacy and continuity. Black Rose Books.

Schiraldi, G. R. (2018). The post­traumatic stress disorder sourcebook: A guide to healing, recovery, and growth. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Book title. Publisher. URL

Example:

Johnson, T. (2016). The Oxford encyclopedia of penguins. Firefly Books. https://googlebooks.com/newbooksofpenguins

Basic form:

Author or Creator. (Year Accessed). Title of AI Model (Version date) [Large language model]. URL

Example:

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (May 24 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Article title. Newspaper Title, pages. URL (if applicable)

Examples:

Schwartz, J. (2016, September 30). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, C1.

Hess, B. (2018, November 8). New directions in the jazz music industry. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/jazz-music-industry/18-11-8

Basic Form:

Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Article title. Magazine Title, pages. URL (if applicable).

Examples:

Rothbart, D. (2018, October). How I caught up with dad. Men's Health, 108-113.

Findlay, A. (2019, March/April). Volcano alley. Canadian Geographic, 44-48. https://www.canadiangeographic.com/mar-19/volcano-alley

Basic Form:

Entry author's Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Entry title. In Book author/editor's First Initial(s) author's Last Name, Book title (pages). Publisher.

Examples:

Anderson, T. A. (2018). Ernest Hemingway (1899 - 1961). In B. H. Gelfant (Ed.), The Columbia companion to the twentieth-century American short story (pp. 107‐123). Duke University Press.

Dred Scott Decision. (2014). In P. Cornelison, & T. Yanak, The great American history fact-finder. Houghton Mifflin.

Basic Form:

Entry title. (Date retrieved). In Wikipedia. URL of specific version of the page

Example:

List of Academy Award-winning films. (2020, January 2). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Academy_Award-winning_films&oldid=923579407

Basic Form:

Director(s), Producer(s), or Host(s). (Director, Producer, or Host). (Year). Film title [Film]. Production Company. URL (if applicable)

Examples:

Tarantino, Q. (Director). (1994). Pulp fiction [Film]. Miramax.

Jackson, P. (Director). (2001). The lord of the rings: The fellowship of the ring [Film]. WingNut Films; The Saul Zaentz Company.

Basic Form:

Writer(s), Producer(s), or Director(s) Last Name, First Initial(s). (Writer, Producer, or Director). (Airing dates). Series title [TV series]. Production Company.

Example:

Davis, I. M. (Director). (2002-2008). The wire [TV series]. Home Box Office.

Basic Form:

Writer(s), Producer(s), or Director(s) Last Name, First Initial(s). (Writer, Producer, or Director). (Airing date). Episode title (Season number, Episode number) [TV series episode]. In Writer(s), Producer(s), or Director(s) First Initial(s). Last Name (Writer, Producer, or Director), Series title. Production Company.

Example:

Oakley, B. (Writer), Weinstein, J. (Writer), & Lynch, J. (Director). (1995, May 21). Who shot Mr. Burns? (Part one) (Season 6, Episode 25) [TV series episode]. In D. Mirkin, J. L. Brooks, M. Groening, & S. Simon (Executive Producers), The Simpsons. Gracie Films; Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation.

.

Basic Form:

Writer(s), Producer(s), or Director(s) Last Name, First Initial(s). (Writer, Producer, or Director). (Airing date). Episode title (Season number, Episode number) [TV series episode]. In Writer(s), Producer(s), or Director(s) First Initial(s). Last Name (Writer, Producer, or Director), Series title. Production Company.

Episode Example:

Kang, K. (Writer), & Fryman, P. (Director). (2006). Slap bet [Television series episode]. In Bays, C. (Executive Producer), How I met your mother [Video]. Hulu. https://hulu.com/how-i-met-your-mother

Movie Example:

Kohler, W., Davidson, K., Knopfler, W, & DiCaprio, L. (Producers), & Ladkani, R., Davidson, K. (Directors). (2016). The ivory game [Video]. Netflix. https://netflix.com/the-ivory-game.

Basic Form:

Uploader/Username. (Upload date). Video title [Video]. Streaming video service. URL

Examples:

Norton, R. (2016, November 4). How to train a cat to operate a light switch [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vja83KLQXZ

BrightPhoton. (2018, July 26). Electric-car [Video]. Vimeo. https://vimeo.com/281795524

Basic Form:

Artist or creator Last Name, First Initial(s) [Artwork type]. Museum/Publisher, Location (if applicable). URL

Examples:

Emery, A. (2016). Flamingo [Photograph]. https://unsplash.com/photo=flamingo

Harris, T. D. (1930). The sleeping gypsy [Painting]. Philadelphia Museum of Art, Philadelphia, PA, United States. https://www.pma.org/sleepinggypsy

Roseman, P., & Hill, Q. (2019). How the library impacts student success [Infographic]. American Library Association. https://ala.org/info/library-success

Basic Form:

Profile Name or Author Last Name, First Intial(s) [@username]. (Date posted). Content of the post up to the first 20 words [Tweet]. Twitter. URL

Example:

Trump, D. [@realDonaldTrump]. (2017, January 3). I will be having a general news conference on JANUARY ELEVENTH in N.Y.C. Thank you [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/816433590892429312

Basic Form:

Profile Name or Author Last Name, First Initial(s). (Date posted). Content of post up to the first 20 words [Status update]. Facebook. URL

Examples:

National Public Radio. (2019, November 22). Screen time may contribute to depression, new study claims [Status update]. Facebook. https://facebook.com/npr-screen

Gladwell, M. (2019, December 6). Scandi fans have already seen this, but for everyone else: Malcolm Gladwell on the Scandinavian talk show Skavlan Talkshow [Status update] Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/pg/MalcolmGladwellBooks/

Basic Form:

Profile Name [@username]. (Date posted). Title or description of photo or video up to 20 words [Photograph or Video]. Instagram. URL

Example:

National Geographic [@natgeo]. (2019, March 28). Photo of the Bering Sea [Photograph]. Instagram. https://instagram.com/p/BqpHpjFBs3a.

Basic Form:

Podcast host Last Name, First Initial(s). (Published date). Episode title (number) [Audio podcast episode]. In Podcast title. Publisher or Production Company. URL.

Examples:

Reed, B. (Host). (2017, March 27). Has anybody called you? (No. 3) [Audio podcast episode]. In S-Town. Serial Productions. https://stownpodcast.org/episode-3

Basic Form:

Author or Creator. (Date Created/Last Updated). App title (Version number) [Mobile app]. Publisher/Store. URL

Example:

Skyscape. (2019). Skyscape medical resources (Version 1.17.42) [Mobile app]. App Store. https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/skyscape

Basic Form:

Author or Creator. (Date Created/Last Updated). Entry title. In App title (Version number) [Mobile app]. Publisher/Store. URL

Example:

Skyscape. (2019). Diabetes in the elderly. In Skyscape medical resources (Version 1.17.42) [Mobile app]. Google Play Store. https://play.google.com/skyscape